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Product Introduction
Acesulfame is a food additive with the chemical name Acesulfame Potassium, also known as AK Sugar. It appears as a white crystalline powder and is an organic synthetic salt. Its taste is similar to that of cane sugar, it is easily soluble in water, and slightly soluble in alcohol. Acesulfame is chemically stable, not prone to decomposition or degradation, does not participate in the body's metabolism, and does not provide energy. It has a high level of sweetness, is cost-effective, non-cariogenic, and has good heat and acid stability. It is currently recognized as the fourth-generation synthetic sweetener in the world. When mixed with other sweeteners, it produces a strong synergistic effect, generally increasing sweetness by 20% to 40%.
Production Process
- Using acetylacetamide, sulfur trioxide, and KOH as raw materials
First, acetylacetamide is synthesized in an inert organic-inorganic solvent, with SO3 introduced into acetylacetamide for cyclic condensation. It is then extracted and separated before reacting with KOH to obtain the product. For example, at -60°C, 5.1g (50mmol) of acetylacetamide dissolved in 50mL CH2Cl2 is added dropwise to 8mL (200mmol) of liquid SO3 dissolved in 50mL CH2Cl2. After stirring for 2 hours, 50mL of ethyl acetate and 50mL of water are added to the solution. After extraction, the organic phase is separated. The aqueous phase is re-extracted twice with ethyl acetate, and the resulting organic liquid is combined with the organic phase. After drying over anhydrous Na2SO4 and evaporating the ethyl acetate, the residue is dissolved in methanol and neutralized with KOH solution to precipitate acesulfame, which is dried to obtain 3.1g of product, yielding 31% of the theoretical amount. The disadvantage of this method is that it requires a relatively low reaction temperature, and the yield is not high.
- Using sulfamic acid, triethylamine, dienone, SO3, and KOH as raw materials
16mL (0.12mol) of triethylamine is added to 9.7g (0.1mol) of sulfamic acid and stirred until completely dissolved. Then, 8mL of dienone is added dropwise at 0°C and stirred at room temperature until the reaction is complete. The addition of hexane causes precipitation and purification. The solvent is removed under reduced pressure, yielding a slurry with a yield between 95.7-99.0%. At -30°C, the slurry is added simultaneously with 5-6 equivalents into a container containing CH2Cl2 and stirred continuously for 1-5 hours. The solvent is removed under reduced pressure, and the remaining material is treated with KOH solution, controlled at pH=8-10, and dried to obtain acesulfame, with a yield of 69%. The advantages of this method include readily available raw materials and relatively mild process conditions, but the process is complex.
- Using sulfamoyl fluoride, dienone, potassium carbonate, and KOH as raw materials
At 0°C, dienone is added dropwise to a solution of H2NSO2F and K2CO3 in acetone to produce the potassium salt of N-sulfofluoroacylamine. This potassium salt is reacted with CH3OH and KOH solution to produce acesulfame. For example, 76g (0.55mol) of K2CO3 powder is dissolved in 500mL of acetone, and 57.8mL (1.0mol) of H2NSO2F is added. Over 15 minutes, 84.3mL (1.1mol) of dienone is added dropwise. After stirring for 30 minutes at 0°C, an exothermic reaction occurs, and the temperature is controlled below 30°C until CO2 is completely released, at which point the reaction is stopped. The reaction mixture is filtered, and the remaining material is washed with a small amount of acetone to obtain colorless crystalline potassium salt of N-sulfofluoroacylamine. This potassium salt is stirred with 4-6mol of methanol solution, resulting in the cyclization to acesulfame. The yield is 93% of the theoretical amount.
Efficacy and Role
Sweetener
Food Applications: Health food, food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics
As a non-nutritive sweetener, acesulfame shows no significant change in concentration when used in food and beverages within the general pH range. It can be mixed with other sweeteners, especially in combination with aspartame and cyclamate, for enhanced effects. It is widely used in various foods such as solid beverages, pickled vegetables, preserves, chewing gum, table sweeteners, and more. This product has an intense sweetness, about 200 times that of sucrose, with a similar taste profile to saccharin, though it has a bitter taste at high concentrations. According to China's "National Food Safety Standard for the Use of Food Additives" (GB 2760-90), the maximum usage is 0.3g/kg. It can be used as a sweetener in food and pharmaceuticals.
International organizations and countries such as the Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC), the European Union, the United States, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, etc., allow acesulfame to be used as a sweetener in corresponding foods. For example, in some European and American countries, acesulfame can be used in sweetened products. 1: China's "National Food Safety Standard for the Use of Food Additives" (GB 2760-2014) also stipulates that acesulfame can be used in ready-to-eat flavored foods or their pre-packaged products (excluding ice cream and flavored fermented milk) that mainly contain milk (limited to canned dairy desserts), frozen foods (excluding edible ice), canned fruits, jams, preserves, pickled vegetables, processed edible fungi and algae, coarse grain canned food, black sesame paste, cereal dessert cans, baked goods, beverages (excluding packaged drinking water), jelly, table sweeteners, condiments, soy sauce, candy, gum-based candy, etc., but is not allowed in candied fruit products. China has also established corresponding quality specifications for acesulfame in the "National Food Safety Standard for Food Additives: Acesulfame Potassium" (GB 25540-2010). 7: Additionally, according to the "General Rules for the Labeling of Prepackaged Foods" (GB 7718), as long as acesulfame (including compound sweeteners containing acesulfame) is used in food, it must be indicated on the food label.
Packaging, Storage, and Transportation
Storage Conditions: The product should be sealed, protected from light, stored in a dry, cool, and well-ventilated place
Packaging Method: Bulk packaging: 25kg per drum; small samples: 1kg per aluminum foil bag. Custom packaging is also available upon customer request
Transportation Method: Express delivery or logistics, with domestic express delivery arriving within three days and logistics arriving within five days. Quotes generally include domestic transportation costs
Shelf Life: Two years
